Arles welcomes Vincent Van Gogh’s Starry Night Over the Rhône
Vincent Van Gogh’s Starry Night Over the Rhône has returned to Arles, the city where the artist made his famous painting, almost 136 years since it was created in September 1888. For the first time, the Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles brings it home to its birth city, loaning it from the collection of the Musée d’Orsay, for the exhibition ‘Van Gogh and the Stars,’ conceived by Jean de Loisy and Bice Curiger. The show, which runs between June 1st and September 8th, 2024, features 165 artworks by over 78 artists, including Anish Kapoor, Mariko Mori, Anselm Kiefer, Victor Hugo, Yves Klein, Lucio Fontana, and more.
Their works shed light on the artistic influences that the Dutch painter drew on to paint it and the impression it has generated and left among the artists after him. Starry Night Over the Rhône’s homecoming coincides with two celebrations that began in April 2014. On April 4th, the Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles was inaugurated. The following day, April 5th, the foundation stone for the main building of LUMA Arles was laid, the tower designed by architect Frank Gehry. Vincent van Gogh was the heart of both projects, and to celebrate the 10th anniversary of their founding, the Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles and LUMA Arles joined forces.
This collaboration includes a public art program centered around one of Vincent van Gogh’s masterpieces. LUMA Arles even tapped the Dutch artist DRIFT for a drone performance above the museum, tracing the movement in Vincent van Gogh’s paintings using algorithms. The lit drones in the night sky also marked the opening of the exhibition Living Landscape at LUMA Arles, an extension to the group show and exhibition at the Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles, ‘Van Gogh and the Stars’ where the Dutch painter’s Starry Night masterpiece has returned.
View of the Fondation courtyard and shop, with the rooftop installation The Violet Blue Green Yellow Orange Red House by Raphael Hefti, 2014 | images courtesy © Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles and Fluor Architecture (unless stated), photos by François Deladerrière
‘Van Gogh and the Stars’ exhibition with 165 artworks
At the Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles, the exhibition Van Gogh and the Stars presents Starry Night Over the Rhône alongside the artworks of both contemporary and revered artists such as Anish Kapoor, Mariko Mori, Anselm Kiefer, Victor Hugo, Yves Klein, and Lucio Fontana, to name a few. Their works highlight astronomy, the cosmos and the vast universe, often putting forward the influences, techniques, phenomena, and belief, social, and scientific climates that persisted the 19th century in terms of literature and science.
Take Anselm Kiefer’s The Secret Life of Plants (2004), where a white vortex is spiraling around a black void and a golden stem with golden withering tiny leaves is placed in the center. It is the sibling of his sculptural book of the same name, where the pages made of lead are dotted with specks of white paint in an attempt to paint the spectrum and ancient concept of the universe. Anish Kapoor’s Untitled (Sans titre), 2014, makes an appearance too, a see-through glass-like box that seems to mimic the supernova in a series of consecutive small acrylic explosions. Flecks of their remnants begin to spread out, halted and frozen right in the center of the glass case.
Just like Vincent van Gogh, these artists explore the night, the universe, the stars, the constellations, the cosmos, and beyond in their own ways, with their own flair, their signature styles circling back to the Dutch painter’s own well of influences. The literary works by Victor Hugo and Jules Verne on astronomy grace the exhibition, and painters such as Jean-François Millet, Camille Corot, and James McNeill Whistler’s artworks showcased their understanding of the effects of the night, the clear light of the stars, and knowledge of the cosmos.
Vincent Van Gogh, The Starry Night, Arles, 1888 Oil on canvas, 73 × 92 cm | donation subject to usufruct Mr and Mrs Robert Kahn-Sriber, in memory of Mr and Mrs Fernand Moch, 1975 | image © Musée d’Orsay, Dist. RMN-Grand Palais / Patrice Schmidt
Vincent van Gogh imagined the stars as ‘the refuge of the dead’
The writings of astronomer Camille Flammarion, which back in the day sold in hundreds of thousands of copies, are on display, make their way into the exhibition, defining the time that led up to the creation of Vincent van Gogh’s night scenes. Visitors can also see that some of the contemporary artworks underline the hypotheses roaming around about science fiction and metaphysics, as well as related discoveries that magazines covered in the past.
Then, artists, intellectuals, and writers after Vincent van Gogh were gifted resources to expand the alleyways towards understanding and learning more about his nocturnal works, and Van Gogh and the Stars expound some of the research that fascinated the public during this time, including the work of great scientific illustrators such as Étienne Léopold Trouvelot and Lord Ross’s drawings of spiral galaxies, which resemble those of the Dutch painter’s works.
In a letter to his brother Theo in July 1888, Vincent van Gogh imagined the stars as ‘the refuge of the dead’, a stark observation from his examination of the stars. Night after night, he studied them by the precise arrangement of the constellations in his paintings, backed by his beliefs, which also appeared in para-scientific literature from the mid-nineteenth century. The way he saw the stars also influenced his contemporaries, such as Akseli Gallen-Kallela, Odilon Redon, James Ensor, Wenzel Hablik, and Constantin Ciurlionis.
The Starry Night, Arles, 1888 Oil on canvas, 73 × 92 cm | donation subject to usufruct Mr and Mrs Robert Kahn-Sri – ber, in memory of Mr and Mrs Fernand Moch, 1975, image courtesy of Musée d’Orsay, Paris | on the left: Wenzel Hablik, Sternenhimmel (Ciel étoilé) / (Starry sky), 1909 Huile sur toile / oil on canvas, 200 × 200 cm, image courtesy of Wenzel Hablik Museum, Itzehoe | to the right : František Kupka, The First Step (Le Premier pas), vers 1910-1913 / ca. 1910-1913 Huile sur toile / oil on canvas, 83,2 × 129,6 cm, image courtesy of Fonds Hillman Periodicals Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York
In contemporary art, the fascination with the night continues, taking on different forms, as seen in the works by Tony Cragg, Alicja Kwade, Anselm Kiefer, Mariko Mori, Gillian Brett, Alfred Smith, Dove Allouche, Yves Klein, Lee Bontecou. Despite its stillness and seeming emptiness, the night sky reveals color and movement, thanks to urban lighting. The resulting glow and reflections illuminate the famous view of the Rhône, bringing it into plain sight, evident now in Fondation Vincent Van Gogh Arles’ exhibition ‘Van Gogh and The Stars’ and the Starry Night painting.
The influence of this nocturnal scene has graced the works of Edvard Munch, Augusto Giacometti, Robert Delaunay, František Kupka, Kasimir Malevitch, Georgia O’Keeffe, Helen Frankenthaler and other major figures who are featured in the exhibition. Other artists who are part of Van Gogh and the Stars journey to the stars, once again explored with the return of Vincent van Gogh’s Starry Night Over the Rhône to Arles, to the banks of the river that inspired it. From June 1st to August 25th, 2024, Vincent van Gogh’s famous painting remains in Arles for public viewing, while the Van Gogh and the Stars exhibition runs between June 1st and September 8th, 2024.
exhibition view of Van Gogh and the Stars, in Arles
Kasimir Cosmic Magnetic Construction , 1916 Oil on canvas, 104 × 59.5 cm, private collection | to the left : Alicja Kwade Superheavy Skies, 2022 Mirror polished stainless steel, stones, motor, 259.7 × 198.3 × 283.9 cm, image courtesy of the artist and Mennour, Paris
view of the exhibition, with the works by (from left to rigth): Mariko Mori, Meret Oppenheim | Mariko Mori, Miracle (I-VIII) , 2001 Eight Cibachrome prints, dichroic glass, salt, and crystals, 69.2 cm diameter each | Meret Oppenheim, New Stars , 1977–1982 Oil on canvas, 205 × 248 cm, image courtesy of Kunstmuseum Berne
view of the exhibition, with the works by (from left to right): Mariko Mori, Meret Oppenheim | Mariko Mori, Miracle (I-VIII) , 2001 Eight Cibachrome prints, dichroic glass, salt, and crystals, 69.2 cm diameter each | Meret Oppenheim, New Stars , 1977–1982 Oil on canvas, 205 × 248 cm, image courtesy of Kunstmuseum Berne
